See ʾwstykʾn' on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ոստիկան",
"bor": "on",
"t": "inspector, officer"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: ոստիկան (ostikan, “inspector, officer”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from early Middle Persian or other Middle Iranian language"
},
"expansion": "(from early Middle Persian or other Middle Iranian language)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: ոստիկան (ostikan, “inspector, officer”) (from early Middle Persian or other Middle Iranian language)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ოსტინაგი",
"bor": "on",
"t": "steward, manager of a household"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: ოსტინაგი (osṭinagi, “steward, manager of a household”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: ოსტინაგი (osṭinagi, “steward, manager of a household”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫗",
"sc": "Mani",
"t": "strong, firm",
"ts": "ōstīgān"
},
"expansion": "Parthian 𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫗 (ʾwstygʾn /ōstīgān/, “strong, firm”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Parthian 𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫗 (ʾwstygʾn /ōstīgān/, “strong, firm”), 𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃 (ʾwstyg /ōstīg/, “firm, stable”). Nyberg analyses as *ava-staya-ka-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𐬋𐬯𐬙𐬌𐬫𐬁𐬥",
"roman": "ōstiyān",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "𐫍𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫗",
"roman": "hwstygʾn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Manichaean"
]
},
{
"form": "𐫍𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫀𐫗",
"roman": "hwstygʾʾn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Manichaean"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "adjective",
"tr": "ōstīgān"
},
"expansion": "ʾwstykʾn' • (ōstīgān)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Parthian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined language links",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"firm, strong, sure, reliable"
],
"id": "en-ʾwstykʾn'-pal-adj-T~evOXc6",
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"sure",
"sure"
],
[
"reliable",
"reliable"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ʾwstykʾn'"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ոստիկան",
"bor": "on",
"t": "inspector, officer"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: ոստիկան (ostikan, “inspector, officer”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from early Middle Persian or other Middle Iranian language"
},
"expansion": "(from early Middle Persian or other Middle Iranian language)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: ոստիկան (ostikan, “inspector, officer”) (from early Middle Persian or other Middle Iranian language)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ოსტინაგი",
"bor": "on",
"t": "steward, manager of a household"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: ოსტინაგი (osṭinagi, “steward, manager of a household”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: ოსტინაგი (osṭinagi, “steward, manager of a household”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫗",
"sc": "Mani",
"t": "strong, firm",
"ts": "ōstīgān"
},
"expansion": "Parthian 𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫗 (ʾwstygʾn /ōstīgān/, “strong, firm”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Parthian 𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫗 (ʾwstygʾn /ōstīgān/, “strong, firm”), 𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃 (ʾwstyg /ōstīg/, “firm, stable”). Nyberg analyses as *ava-staya-ka-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𐬋𐬯𐬙𐬌𐬫𐬁𐬥",
"roman": "ōstiyān",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "𐫍𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫗",
"roman": "hwstygʾn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Manichaean"
]
},
{
"form": "𐫍𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫀𐫗",
"roman": "hwstygʾʾn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Manichaean"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "adjective",
"tr": "ōstīgān"
},
"expansion": "ʾwstykʾn' • (ōstīgān)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian adjectives",
"Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Persian lemmas",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Parthian terms with redundant script codes",
"Undetermined language links"
],
"glosses": [
"firm, strong, sure, reliable"
],
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"sure",
"sure"
],
[
"reliable",
"reliable"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ʾwstykʾn'"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ʾwstykʾn' meaning in All languages combined (2.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ōstīgān",
"path": [
"ʾwstykʾn'"
],
"section": "Middle Persian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "ʾwstykʾn'",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-20 using wiktextract (ed078bd and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.